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Introduction to Shri Devgarh Jain Teerth
Shri Devgarh Teerth is a prominent Jain pilgrimage site located on the banks of the Belwa River, approximately 33 km from Lalitpur. Encircled by the river on three sides, this historical site is constructed within the old Karnali Fort and contains over forty ancient Jain temples. Dating back to as early as the 9th century A.D., Devgarh is steeped in cultural and spiritual significance.
Historical Background and Architectural Significance
Originally known as Lauchcchagira in a 9th-century inscription of King Bhoja, Devgarh’s name is said to have changed to Devagadh around the 12th or 13th century due to the many ancient idols and structures believed to be constructed by gods. The fort complex showcases over forty temples with 29 manastambhas (pillars of honor), dating back to various dynasties including the Gupta, Gurjar, Pratihar, and Chandel eras.
The primary idol here is a 12.3-foot tall statue of Bhagwan Shantinath, made of reddish stone, which draws numerous devotees and history enthusiasts. Many of the idols and pillars bear inscriptions from the 8th to the 15th century, with artwork predating even the Gupta period. The temples display an impressive array of sculptures, including figures of gods, goddesses, yakshas, and yakshinis, each representing distinct artistic styles.
Unique Temples and Idols
Devgarh is renowned for its 40 Jain temples, including 31 located on the hill within Kanali Durg. The complex features a unique Gyanshilalekh inscription in one of the temples, with carvings in 18 different ancient scripts, including Brahmi and Dravidian. Legend has it that these scripts were studied by Brahmi, daughter of Bhagwan Adinath. The 6th temple contains an idol of Bhagwan Parshwanath without the usual snake hood, instead depicting two snakes beside the idol. In the 11th temple, a statue of Bahubali Bhagwan dates back to the 11th century, and the 13th temple showcases idols with intricate hair designs in 18 styles.
Artistic and Historical Features
This teerth is not only significant for its ancient Jain idols but also as a display of Indian artistic heritage. The site’s pavilions, pillars, and inscriptions reflect intricate craftsmanship from ancient times. Visitors can find a unique pillar inscribed in 18 different scripts, each representing various eras of Indian civilization. These elements demonstrate the distinct and varied artistic styles that have influenced Devgarh’s temples through centuries.
Historical Rule and Cultural Heritage
The region around Devgarh has been under the rule of various dynasties over the centuries, including the Savars, Pandvas, Sahars, Gond, Gupt, Dev, Chandel, Mughal, Bundela, and the English Empire. Notably, in V.S. 919, during the rule of Gurjar King Bhojdev, this place was referred to as Luatchhgiri. Later, Minister Vatsraj in the court of Chandel King Keerti Verma built a fort here, naming it Keertigiri. The name Devgarh, meaning “fortress of gods,” is believed to have emerged in the 12th or 13th century.
Visitor Facilities and Management Dharamshala
The Uttar Pradesh government provides a tourism bungalow in Devgarh. Additionally, a basic dharamshala at the base of Devgarh Hill offers water and cooking facilities for pilgrims and visitors.
Nearby Attractions
Devgarh is not only a religious site but also a gateway to explore other Jain and cultural heritage locations nearby:
- Dasavtar Mandir (13 km) – A temple known for its exquisite display of ancient Indian art.
